“In der Diskussion über sinkende Geburtenzahlen und steigende Erwerbstätigenquoten von Frauen rücken zunehmend die sozialstaatliche Steuerung und Organisation von Familien- und Erwerbsarbeit in den Fokus des politischen und wissenschaftlichen Interesses. Dabei verdeckt die traditionelle Annahme des Prinzips „Kinder oder Karriere“, welches eine Unvereinbarkeit zwischen Erwerbs- und Familienarbeit signalisiert, häufig einen komplexen, wohlfahrtsstaats-spezifischen Wirkungsmechanismus. Die Entscheidung von Paaren für oder gegen ein Kind wird immer innerhalb eines spezifischen familienpolitischen Dreiecks getroffen. Dieses setzt sich aus den wohlfahrtsstaatlichen familienpolitischen Maßnahmen, der weiblichen Erwerbsneigung/-tätigenquote und der Realisierung des Kinderwunsches zusammen” (Groß 2007).
Economic consequences of low fertility in Europe / by David E. Bloom and Alfonso Sousa-Poza.
This paper focuses on possible economic consequences of low fertility in Europe. It summarizes a selection of papers that were presented at a conference at the University of St. Gallen in April 2008. This introduction also reviews the history of falling fertility in Europe and the literature that explores its causes, its potential implications, and possible policy responses. It summarizes the evolution of thinking about the relationship between population growth and economic development, with attention to recent work on the mechanisms through which fertility decline can spur economic growth if the necessary supporting conditions are met. The paper also identifies some of the challenges of population aging that are associated with low fertility and suggests that there may be less reason for alarm than has been suggested by some observers.
- Economic consequences of low fertility in Europe / by David E. Bloom and Alfonso Sousa-Poza.
(2010) The WDA-HSG discussion paper series on demographic issues / WDA-Forum, Universität St. Gallen ; 2010,3; 21 S.
- Economic consequences of low fertility in Europe / David E. Bloom; Alfonso Sousa-Poza.
(2010) FZID discussion papers ; 11-2010; Online-Ressource (21 S., 404 KB).
The end of “lowest-low” fertility? / Joshua R. Goldstein; Tomáæs Sobotka; Aiva Jasilioniene.
- The end of “lowest-low” fertility? / Joshua R. Goldstein; Tomáæs Sobotka; Aiva Jasilioniene.
(2009) In: Population and development review. – Bd. 35.2009, 4, (Dez.2009) S. 663-699.
- The end of ‘lowest-low’ fertility? / Joshua R. Goldstein; Tomás Sobotka; Aiva Jasilioniene.
(2009) MPIDR Working Paper ; 2009-029; Online-Ressource (58 S.).
Sinkende Geburtenraten als Herausforderung für den Wohlfahrtsstaat : Lösungswege der Familien- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik im internationalen Vergleich / Thomas Groß; Sibylle Hardmeier.
Die zentrale Stoßrichtung dieser Arbeit ist es, Wege für eine erfolgreiche Familienpolitik aufzuzeigen. Basierend auf einem 16-Ländersample und unter Zuhilfenahme des neuen MVQCA-Ansatzes (eine Weiterentwicklung der QCA-Methode) werden unterschiedliche europäische familienpolitische Regulierungsmuster multivariat untersucht. Die theoretischen Annahmen basieren auf dem Ernährermodell. Es zeigt sich, dass (noch) in fast allen Ländern ernährertypische Strukturen zu finden sind und die Kinderraten entscheidend beeinflussen. Es wird dargestellt, warum flankierende familienpolitische Maßnahmen, besonders im finanziellen Bereich, neben einem hohen Kinderbetreuungsangebot und einer umfassenden Teilhabe der Frauen am Arbeitsmarkt, zentrale Faktoren sind, die zu einer Erhöhung der Kinderrate beitragen können.
- Sinkende Geburtenraten als Herausforderung für den Wohlfahrtsstaat : Lösungswege der Familien- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik im internationalen Vergleich / Thomas Groß; Sibylle Hardmeier.
(2009) [Kiel]; Online-Ressource (29 Bl., 147.53 kB).
- Sinkende Geburtenraten als Herausforderung für den Wohlfahrtsstaat : Lösungswege der Familien- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik im internationalen Vergleich / Thomas Groß; Sibylle Hardmeier.
(2009) [Kiel]; 31 Bl.
Fertility determinants and economic uncertainty : an assessment using European panel data / George Hondroyiannis.
- Fertility determinants and economic uncertainty : an assessment using European panel data / George Hondroyiannis.
(2009) Athens; Online-Ressource (46 S.).
Familienpolitische Regulierungen im internationalen Vergleich / Thomas Groß.
Die zentrale Stoßrichtung dieser Arbeit ist es, Wege für eine erfolgreiche Familienpolitik aufzuzeigen. Basierend auf einem 16-Ländersample und unter Zuhilfenahme des neuen MVQCA-Ansatzes (eine Weiterentwicklung der QCA-Methode) werden unterschiedliche europäische familienpolitische Regulierungsmuster multivariat untersucht. Die theoretischen Annahmen basieren auf dem Ernährermodell. Es zeigt sich, dass (noch) in fast allen Ländern ernährertypische Strukturen zu finden sind und die Kinderraten entscheidend beeinflussen. Es wird dargestellt, warum flankierende familienpolitische Maßnahmen, besonders im finanziellen Bereich, neben einem hohen Kinderbetreuungsangebot und einer umfassenden Teilhabe der Frauen am Arbeitsmarkt, zentrale Faktoren sind, die zu einer Erhöhung der Kinderrate beitragen können.
- Familienpolitische Regulierungen im internationalen Vergleich / Thomas Groß.
(2007) Hamburg; 127 S.
Fertility, female labor force participation, and the demographic dividend / David E. Bloom; David Canning; Günther Fink; Jocelyn E. Finlay.
- Fertility, female labor force participation, and the demographic dividend / David E. Bloom; David Canning; Günther Fink; Jocelyn E. Finlay.
(2009) In: Journal of economic growth. – Dordrecht [u.a.]. – Bd. 14.2009, 2, (Jun.2009) S. 79-101.
On the relationship between female labour force participation and fertility in G7 countries : evidence from panel cointegration and Granger causality / Vinod Mishra; Ingrid Nielsen; Russell Smyth.
- On the relationship between female labour force participation and fertility in G7 countries : evidence from panel cointegration and Granger causality / Vinod Mishra; Ingrid Nielsen; Russell Smyth.
(2010) In: Empirical economics. – Bd. 38.2010, 2, (Apr.2010) S. 361-372.
- The relationship between female labour force participation and fertility in G7 countries : evidence from panel cointegration and granger causality / Vinod Mishra, Ingrid Nielsen and Russell Smyth.
(2006) [Clayton]; [33] S. in getr. Zählung.
Vorschläge für eine nachhaltige und effektive Bevölkerungspolitik / Von Gunter Steinmann.
- Vorschläge für eine nachhaltige und effektive Bevölkerungspolitik / Von Gunter Steinmann.
(2010) In: Demografischer Wandel in Deutschland. – Berlin. – 2010, S. 77-91.
Return to work after childbirth : does parental leave matter in Europe? / Chiara Daniela Pronzato.
- Return to work after childbirth : does parental leave matter in Europe? / Chiara Daniela Pronzato.
(2009) In: Review of Economics of the Household. – Norwell, Mass.. – Bd. 7.2009, 4, (Dez.2009) S. 341-360.
Immigration, fertility, and human capital : a model of economic decline of the West / Leonid V. Azarnert.
I show how the influences of unskilled immigration, differential fertility between immigrants and the local indigenous population, and incentives for investment in human capital combine to predict the decline of the West. In particular, indigenous low-skilled workers lose from unskilled immigration even if the indigenous low-skilled workers do not finance redistribution, do not compete with immigrants in the labor market, and do not compete with immigrants for publicly financed income transfers. For the economy at large, high-fertility unskilled immigrants and a low-fertility indigenous population result in economic decline through reduced human capital accumulation and reduced growth of per-capita output.
- Immigration, fertility, and human capital : a model of economic decline of the West / Leonid V. Azarnert.
(2010) CESifo working paper series ; 3025 : Fiscal policy, macroeconomics and growth; 21 S.
- Immigration, fertility, and human capital : a model of economic decline of the West / Leonid V. Azarnert.
(2010) CESifo working paper ; 3025 : Fiscal Policy, Macroeconomics and Growth; Online-Ressource (21 S.).
- Immigration, fertility and human capital : a model of economic decline of the West / Leonid V. Azarnert.
(2010) Working papers / Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics ; 2010,04; Online-Ressource (31 S.).
Flexible employment, flexible families, and the socialization of reproduction / Wolfgang Streeck.
- Flexible employment, flexible families, and the socialization of reproduction / Wolfgang Streeck.
(2009) MPIfG working paper ; 2009/13; Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 36 S., 1,12 MB).
- Flexible employment, flexible families, and the socialization of reproduction / Wolfgang Streeck.
(2009) MPIfG working paper ; 09/13; 36 S.
Kinderbetreuung versus Kindergeld : sind mehr Geburten und höhere Beschäftigung möglich? / Peter Haan; Katharina Wrohlich.
- Kinderbetreuung versus Kindergeld : sind mehr Geburten und höhere Beschäftigung möglich? / Peter Haan; Katharina Wrohlich.
(2010) In: Wochenbericht. – Berlin. – Bd. 77.2010, 30, (28.Jul.2010) S. 2-4.
Demographic transitions : analyzing the effects of mortality on fertility / Luis Angeles.
- Demographic transitions : analyzing the effects of mortality on fertility / Luis Angeles.
(2010) In: Journal of population economics. – Bd. 23.2010, 1, (Jan.2010) S. 99-120.
- Demographic transitions : analyzing the effects of mortality on fertility Luis Angeles
(2008) Discussion paper series / University of Glasgow, Department of Economics ; 2008,25; Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 27 S.).
Fertility, parental education and development in India : new evidence from national household survey data / Katsushi S. Imai; Takahiro Sato.
- Fertility, parental education and development in India : new evidence from national household survey data / Katsushi S. Imai; Takahiro Sato.
(2010) Kobe; 35 S.
- Fertility, parental education and development in India : evidence from NSS and NFHS in 1992 – 2006 / Katsushi S. Imai; Takahiro Sato.
(2008) BWPI working papers ; 63; Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 41 S.).
Rural electrification and fertility : evidence from Côte d’Ivoire / Jörg Peters; Colin Vance.
Using household-level survey data from Côte d’Ivoire, this paper investigates the determinants of fertility with a particular focus on the effect of electrification. Based on count data regression models, our analysis suggests a highly significant relationship between fertility and electricity, but one that is only revealed when the model distinguishes between rural and urban areas. Specifically, we find a positive association between electricity and fertility for urban households, contrasted by a negative relationship for rural households. This dichotomy is suggested to reflect the influences of electricity in facilitating child care, off set by its modernizing impacts through the provision of information. — Rural development ; energy access ; demography ; count data
- Rural electrification and fertility : evidence from Côte d’Ivoire / Jörg Peters; Colin Vance.
(2010) Ruhr economic papers ; 191; Online-Ressource (35 S.).
Mother’s employment and fertility in Norway / Mette Gerster and Trude Lappegård.
- Mother’s employment and fertility in Norway / Mette Gerster and Trude Lappegård.
(2010) Discussion papers / Statistics Norway, Research Department ; 624; Online-Ressource (25 S.).
Fertility and the personal exemption : comment / Richard Crump; Gopi Shah Goda; Kevin Mumford.
- Fertility and the personal exemption : comment / Richard Crump; Gopi Shah Goda; Kevin Mumford.
(2010) Cambridge, Mass.; 36 S.
Female employment and fertility in rural China / Hai Fang; Karen N. Eggleston; John A. Rizzo; Richard J. Zeckhauser.
- Female employment and fertility in rural China / Hai Fang; Karen N. Eggleston; John A. Rizzo; Richard J. Zeckhauser.
(2010) Cambridge, Mass.; 46 S.
- Female employment and fertility in rural China / Hai Fang; Karen N. Eggleston; John A. Rizzo; Richard Zeckhauser.
(2010) Faculty research working paper series / John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University ; 10,011; Online-Ressource (46 S.).
Mögliche Ansätze zur Unterstützung von Familien durch die öffentlichen Haushalte / Hedwig Lutz; Margit Schratzenstaller.
- Mögliche Ansätze zur Unterstützung von Familien durch die öffentlichen Haushalte / Hedwig Lutz; Margit Schratzenstaller.
(2010) In: Monatsberichte. – Bd. 83.2010, 8, S. 661-674.
- Mögliche Ansätze zur Unterstützung von Familien / Eva Festl; Hedwig Lutz; Margit Schratzenstaller. Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung im Auftrag der Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien.
(2010) Wien; VI, 142 S.
The “Missing Girls” of China and the unintended consequences of the one child policy / Avraham Ebenstein.
- The “Missing Girls” of China and the unintended consequences of the one child policy / Avraham Ebenstein.
(2010) In: Journal of human resources. – Madison, Wis.. – Bd. 45.2010, 1, S. 87-115.
Desired number of children, 2000 – 2008 / Charles F. Westoff.
- Desired number of children, 2000 – 2008 / Charles F. Westoff.
(2010) Calverton, Md.; XIII, 55 S.
Change in the transition of the fertility rate / Masaya Yasuoka; Atsushi Miyake.
- Change in the transition of the fertility rate / Masaya Yasuoka; Atsushi Miyake.
(2010) In: Economics letters. – Amsterdam [u.a.]. – Bd. 106.2010, 2, (Feb.2010) S. 78-80.
Female labor force participation and total fertility rates in the OECD : new evidence from panel cointegration and Granger causality testing / Vinod Mishra; Russell Smyth.
- Female labor force participation and total fertility rates in the OECD : new evidence from panel cointegration and Granger causality testing / Vinod Mishra; Russell Smyth.
(2010) In: Journal of economics and business. – Amsterdam [u.a.]. – Bd. 62.2010, 1, (1/2.2010) S. 48-64.
Women’s education and family behavior : trends in marriage, divorce and fertility / Adam Isen ; Betsey Stevenson.
This paper examines how marital and fertility patterns have changed along racial and educational lines for men and women. Historically, women with more education have been the least likely to marry and have children, but this marriage gap has eroded as the returns to marriage have changed. Marriage and remarriage rates have risen for women with a college degree relative to women with fewer years of education. However, the patterns of, and reasons for, marriage have changed. College educated women marry later, have fewer children, are less likely to view marriage as “financial security”, are happier in their marriages and with their family life, and are not only the least likely to divorce, but have had the biggest decrease in divorce since the 1970s compared to women without a college degree. In contrast, there have been fewer changes in marital patterns by education for men.
- Women’s education and family behavior : trends in marriage, divorce and fertility / Adam Isen ; Betsey Stevenson.
(2010) CESifo working paper series ; 2940 : Economics of education; 22, [16] S.
- Women’s education and family behavior : trends in marriage, divorce and fertility / Adam Isen; Betsey Stevenson.
(2010) Cambridge, Mass.; [ca. 38] S. in getr. Zählung.
- Women’s education and family behavior : trends in marriage, divorce and fertility / Adam Isen; Betsey Stevenson.
(2010) CESifo working paper ; 2940 : Public Finance; Online-Ressource (40 S.).
Do family wealth shocks affect fertility choices? : evidence from the housing market boom and bust / Michael F. Lovenheim; Kevin J. Mumford.
- Do family wealth shocks affect fertility choices? : evidence from the housing market boom and bust / Michael F. Lovenheim; Kevin J. Mumford.
(2010) SIEPR discussion paper ; 09,04; Online-Ressource (32 S.).
- Do family wealth shocks affect fertility choices? : evidence from the housing market boom and bust / by Michael F. Lovenheim; Kevin J. Mumford.
(2010) Krannert working paper series ; 1228; Online-Ressource (32 S., 487,46 KB).
Mixing Bismarck and child pension systems : an optimum taxation approach / Robert Fenge; Jakob von Weizsäcker.
- Mixing Bismarck and child pension systems : an optimum taxation approach / Robert Fenge; Jakob von Weizsäcker.
(2010) In: Journal of population economics. – Bd. 23.2010, 2, (Apr.2010) S. 805-823.
- Mixing Bismarck and child pension systems : an optimum taxation approach / Robert Fenge; Jakob von Weizsäcker.
(June 2006) CESifo working paper ; 1751 : Public finance; Online-Ressource, 18 S. = 143 KB, Text.
- Mixing Bismarck and child pension systems: an optimum taxation approach / Robert Fenge; Jakob von Weizsäcker.
(2006) CESifo working paper series ; 1751 : Public finance; 18 S.
Unsicherheit Familiengründung : eine empirische Analyse zur Bedeutung von finanziellen Ressourcen für den Kinderwunsch und die Timingintention der ersten Elternschaft / Bastian Mönkediek.
- Unsicherheit Familiengründung : eine empirische Analyse zur Bedeutung von finanziellen Ressourcen für den Kinderwunsch und die Timingintention der ersten Elternschaft / Bastian Mönkediek.
(c 2010) Osnabrück; II, 90 S.
Fertility of Immigrants : A Two-generational Approach in Germany / by Nadja Milewski.
- Fertility of Immigrants : A Two-generational Approach in Germany / by Nadja Milewski.
(2010) Demographic Research Monographs; Online-Ressource.
- Fertility of immigrants : a two-generational approach in Germany / Nadja Milewski.
(2010) Demographic research monographs; XXI, 176 S.
Demographic and economic factors of labour supply : long-term projections and policy options for France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom / Serguey Ivanov.
- Demographic and economic factors of labour supply : long-term projections and policy options for France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom / Serguey Ivanov.
(2009) In: Vienna yearbook of population research. – Vienna. – 2009, S. 83-122.
Human capital and fertility in Germany after 1990 : evidence from a multi-spell model / Marco Sunder. [Ed.: Halle Institute for Economic Research - IWH].
We analyze the timing of birth of the first three children based on German panel data (GSOEP) within a hazard rate framework. A random effects estimator is used to accommodate correlation across spells. We consider the role of human capital – approximated by a Mincer-type regression – and its gender-specific effects on postponement of parenthood and possible recuperation at higherorder births. An advantage of the use of panel data in this context consists in its prospective nature, so that determinants of fertility can be measured when at risk rather than ex-post, thus helping to reduce the risk of reverse causality. The analysis finds evidence for strong recuperation effects, i.e., women with greater human capital endowments follow, on average, a different birth history trajectory, but with negligible curtailment of completed fertility. — fertility ; human capital ; event history analysis
- Human capital and fertility in Germany after 1990 : evidence from a multi-spell model / Marco Sunder. [Ed.: Halle Institute for Economic Research - IWH].
(2009) IWH-Diskussionspapiere ; 2009,22; 29 S.
- Human capital and fertility in Germany after 1990 : evidence from a multi-spell model / Marco Sunder.
(2009) IWH-Diskussionspapiere ; 2009,22; Online-Ressource (29 S.).
The family gap in wages : what Wombmates reveal / Marianne Simonsen; Lars Skipper.
We shed new light on the effects of having children on hourly wages by exploiting access to data on the entire population of employed same-sex twins in Denmark. Our second contribution is the use of administrative data on absenteeism; the amount of hours off due to holidays and sickness. Our results suggest that childbearing reduces female hourly wages but the principal explanation is in fact mothers’ higher levels of absence. We find a positive wage premium for fathers. — Fertility ; wages ; twins
- The family gap in wages : what Wombmates reveal / Marianne Simonsen; Lars Skipper.
(2009) IZA discussion papers ; 4650; Online-Ressource (29 S.).
Can child care policy encourage employment and fertility? : evidence from a structural model
In this paper we develop a structural model of female employment and fertility which accounts for intertemporal feedback effects between the two outcomes. We identify the effect of financial incentives on the employment and fertility decision by exploiting variation in the tax and transfer system which differs by employment state and number of children. To this end we simulate in detail the effects of the tax and transfer system including child care costs. The model provides estimates of structural preferences of women which can be used to study the effect of various policy reforms. In particular, we show that increasing child care subsidies conditional on employment increases labor supply of all women as well as fertility of the childless and highly educated women. — Employment ; fertility ; financial incentives
- Can child care policy encourage employment and fertility? : evidence from a structural model
(2009) MPIDR Working Paper ; 2009-025; Online-Ressource (30 S.).
- Can child care policy encourage employment and fertility? : evidence from a structural model / Peter Haan, Katharina Wrohlich.
(2009) Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 4503; Online-Ressource (30 S.).
- Can child care policy encourage employment and fertility? : evidence from a structural model / Peter Haan and Katharina Wrohlich.
(2009) Discussion papers / German Institute for Economic Research ; 935; Online-Ressource (30 S., 347 KB).
The effect of the timing and spacing of births on the level of labor market involvement of married women / Kenneth R. Troske; Alexandru Voicu.
We use panel data from NLSY79 to analyze the effects of the timing and spacing of births on the labor supply of married women in a framework that accounts for the endogeneity of labor market and fertility decisions, the heterogeneity of the effects of children and their correlation with the fertility decisions, and the correlation of sequential labor market decisions. Our results show that timing and spacing of births are important determinants of the effect of children on women’s labor supply. Delaying the first birth leads to higher levels of labor market involvement before the birth of the first child and reduces the negative effect of the first child on the level of labor market involvement. Having the second birth after a longer interval reduces the effect of the second child on participation but increases its effect on the probability of working full time, as more women, having returned to work, respond to the second birth by moving from full time to part time jobs. Individual heterogeneity plays an important role in the relationship between labor market and fertility decisions. Women who have fewer children have the first birth later in life and space subsequent births more closely together, work more before the birth of the first child, but face larger effects of children on their labor supply. — Timing and spacing of births ; female labor supply ; endogenous fertility decisions ; heterogeneous children effects ; multinomial probit model ; Gibbs sampler
- The effect of the timing and spacing of births on the level of labor market involvement of married women / Kenneth R. Troske; Alexandru Voicu.
(2009) Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 4417; Online-Ressource (33 S.).
Targeting fertility and female participation through the income tax / Ghazala Azmat; Libertad González.
We evaluate the effect of a 2003 reform in the Spanish income tax on fertility and the employment of mothers with small children. The reform introduced a tax credit for working mothers with children under the age of three, while also increasing child deductions for all households with children. Theoretically, given the interplay of these two components, the expected effect of the reform is ambiguous on both outcomes. We find that the combined reforms significantly increased both fertility (by almost five percent) and the employment rate of mothers with children under three (by two percent). These effects were more pronounced among less-educated women. In addition, to disentangle the impact of the two reform components, we use an earlier reform that increased child deductions in 1999. We find that the child deductions affect mothers’ employment negatively, which implies that the 2003 tax credit would have increased employment even more (up to five percent) in the absence of the change in child deductions. — Female labor force participation ; fertility ; family policy ; tax credit ; child subsidy
- Targeting fertility and female participation through the income tax / Ghazala Azmat; Libertad González.
(2010) In: Labour economics. – Bd. 17.2010, 3, (Jun.2010) S. 487-502.
- Targeting fertility and female participation through the income tax / Ghazala Azmat and Libertad González Luna.
(2009) [Working papers / Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra ; 1113]; Online-Ressource (911 Kb).
- Targeting fertility and female participation through the income tax / Ghazala Azmat; Libertad González.
(2009) Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 4405; Online-Ressource (47 S.).
Why are women delaying motherhood in Germany?
- Why are women delaying motherhood in Germany?
(2009) In: Feminist economics. – London. – Bd. 15.2009, 4, (Okt.2009) S. 57-75.
The effect of house price on fertility : evidende from Hong Kong / Junjian Yi and Junsen Zhang.
- The effect of house price on fertility : evidende from Hong Kong / Junjian Yi and Junsen Zhang.
(2010) In: Economic inquiry. – Hoboken, NJ. – Bd. 48.2010, 3, (Jul.2010) S. 635-650.
