Frühkindliche Bildungsinvestitionen – Humankapitalerwerb im Vorschulalter
von Karin Wortmann, 08.2010
Die öffentliche Diskussion um den von Sozialministerin Ursula von der Leyen vorgeschlagenen Bildungs-Chip und die seit Pisa sehr viel mehr in den Fokus gerückte Vorschulerziehung zeigen, dass inzwischen erkannt wurde, wie wichtig Investitionen in die Fähigkeiten von Kindern schon im Vorschulalter sind.
In den Wirtschaftswissenschaften gibt es eine Vielzahl von Publikationen, die sich mit dem Einfluß von frühkindlichen Bildungsinvestitionen auf das spätere Leben und den zu erwartenden Bildungsertrag befassen. Im Folgenden finden sie eine Auswahl dieser Literatur aus unserer Datenbank ECONIS.
Web-Links:
Literaturliste
Human capital development before age five / Douglas Almond; Janet Currie.
- Human capital development before age five / Douglas Almond; Janet Currie.
(2010) Cambridge, Mass.; 82 S.
Frühkindliche Bildung für alle : mehr ökonomischer Sachverstand bitte! / Von C. Katharina Spieß.
- Frühkindliche Bildung für alle : mehr ökonomischer Sachverstand bitte! / Von C. Katharina Spieß.
(2010) In: Wochenbericht. – Berlin. – Bd. 77.2010, 24, (16.Jun.2010) S. 16.
Mental health in childhood and human capital / Janet Currie and Mark Stabile.
Although mental disorders are common among children, we know little about their long term effects on child outcomes. This paper examines U.S. and Canadian children with symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), depression, conduct disorders, and other behavioral problems. Our work offers a number of innovations. First we use large nationally representative samples of children from both countries. Second, we focus on “screeners” that were administered to all children in our sample, rather than on diagnosed cases. Third, we address omitted variables bias by estimating sibling-fixed effects models. Fourth, we examine a range of outcomes. Fifth, we ask how the effects of mental health conditions are mediated by family income and maternal education. We find that mental health conditions, and especially ADHD, have large negative effects on future test scores and schooling attainment, regardless of family income and maternal education.
- Mental health in childhood and human capital / Janet Currie and Mark Stabile.
(2009) In: The problems of disadvantaged youth. – 2009, S. 115-148.
- The problems of disadvantaged youth : an economic perspective / ed. by Jonathan Gruber.
(2009) A National Bureau of Economic Research conference report; IX, 317 S.
- Mental health in childhood and human capital / Janet Currie; Mark Stabile.
(2007) NBER working paper series ; 13217; 31, [22] S.
Bildungsökonomik und Soziale Marktwirtschaft / hrsg. von Thomas Apolte … Mit Beitr. von Thomas Apolte ….
- (2010) Schriften zu Ordnungsfragen der Wirtschaft ; 91; VII, 206 S.
- Sieben Ansatzpunkte für ein effektiveres und effizienteres System der frühkindlichen Bildung in Deutschland / C. Katharina Spieß.
(2010) In: Bildungsökonomik und Soziale Marktwirtschaft. – 2010, S. 3-24.
Healthy, wealthy, and wise : sociocenomic status, poor health in childhood, and human capital development / Janet Currie.
- Healthy, wealthy, and wise : sociocenomic status, poor health in childhood, and human capital development / Janet Currie.
(2009) In: Journal of economic literature. – Nashville, Tenn.. – Bd. 47.2009, 1, (Mar.2009) S. 87-122.
Humankapital und Bildungspolitik in Deutschland unter zunehmendem internationalem Wettbewerb : eine ökonomische Analyse am Beispiel der frühkindlichen Spracherziehung / vorgelegt von Tomasz Kluk.
- Humankapital und Bildungspolitik in Deutschland unter zunehmendem internationalem Wettbewerb : eine ökonomische Analyse am Beispiel der frühkindlichen Spracherziehung / vorgelegt von Tomasz Kluk.
(2010) Münster, Univ., Diss., 2010. – ; 235 S.
Efficient provision of high-quality early childhood education : does the private sector or public sector do it best? ; early childhood education and care / David Blau and Janet Currie.
- Efficient provision of high-quality early childhood education : does the private sector or public sector do it best? ; early childhood education and care / David Blau and Janet Currie.
(2008) In: CESifo DICE report. – Munich. – Bd. 6.2008, 2, S. 15-20.
Child mental health and human capital accumulation : the case of ADHD revisited / Jason Fletcher; Barbara Wolfe.
- Child mental health and human capital accumulation : the case of ADHD revisited / Jason Fletcher; Barbara Wolfe.
(2008) In: Journal of health economics. – Bd. 27.2008, 3, (Mai.2008) S. 794-800.
- Child mental health and human capital accumulation : the case of ADHD revisited / Jason Fletcher; Barbara L. Wolfe.
(2007) NBER working paper series ; 13474; 29 S.
Age-dependent skill formation and returns to education : simulation based evidence / Friedhelm Pfeiffer; Karsten Reuß.
This study integrates findings from neurobiology and psychology on early childhood development and self-regulation to assess returns to education. Our framework for evaluating the distribution of age-specific returns to investments in cognitive and noncognitive skills is a lifecycle simulation model based on the technology of skill formation (Cunha and Heckman (2007)). Our findings illustrate the cumulative and synergetic nature of skill formation, the skill multiplier, and the shaping role early childhood has for human capital formation, growth and inequality.
- Age-dependent skill formation and returns to education : simulation based evidence / Friedhelm Pfeiffer; Karsten Reuß.
(June 2007) Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 2882; Online-Ressource, 29 S., Text.
- Age-dependent skill formation and returns to education / Friedhelm Pfeiffer and Karsten Reuß.
(2007) Discussion paper / ZEW ; 07-015; Online-Ressource, 54 S., Text.
Self-productivity and complementarities in human development : evidence from MARS / Dorothea Blomeyer, Katja Coneus, Manfred Laucht and Friedhelm Pfeiffer.
This paper investigates the role of self-productivity and home resources in capability formation from infancy to adolescence. In addition, we study the complementarities between basic cognitive, motor and noncognitive abilities and social as well as academic achievement. Our data are taken from the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk (MARS), an epidemiological cohort study following the long-term outcome of early risk factors. Results indicate that initial risk conditions cumulate and that differences in basic abilities increase during development. Self-productivity rises in the developmental process and complementarities are evident. Noncognitive abilities promote cognitive abilities and social achievement. There is remarkable stability in the distribution of the economic and socio-emotional home resources during the early life cycle. This is presumably a major reason for the evolution of inequality in human development.
- Self-productivity and complementarities in human development : evidence from MARS / Dorothea Blomeyer, Katja Coneus, Manfred Laucht and Friedhelm Pfeiffer.
(05 Sept. 2008) Discussion paper / ZEW ; 08-067; Online-Ressource (37 S.).
- Self-productivity in early childhood / Katja Coneus and Friedhelm Pfeiffer.
(13 Sept. 2007) Discussion paper / ZEW ; 07-053 [rev.]; Online-Ressource, 34 S., Text.
- Self-productivity in early childhood / Katja Coneus and Friedhelm Pfeiffer.
(2007) Discussion paper / ZEW ; 07-053 : Information and communication technologies; 34 S.
- Self-productivity in early childhood / Katja Coneus and Friedhelm Pfeiffer.
(23 Aug. 2007) Discussion paper / ZEW ; 07-053; Online-Ressource, 34 S., Text.
The early bird gets the worm? : Birth order effects in a dynamic family model / Elisabeth Gugl and Linda Welling.
- The early bird gets the worm? : Birth order effects in a dynamic family model / Elisabeth Gugl and Linda Welling.
(2010) In: Economic inquiry. – Bd. 48.2010, 3, (Jul.2010) S. 690-703.
- The early bird gets the worm? : birth order effects in a dynamic model of the family / Elisabeth Gugl & Linda Welling.
(2008) Department discussion paper / University of Victora, Department of Economics ; 0801; Online-Ressource (36 S.).
- The early bird gets the worm? : birth order effects in a dynamic model of the family / Elisabeth Gugl & Linda Welling.
(Dec. 2007) Department discussion paper / University of Victoria, Department of Economics ; 0710; Online-Ressource, 69 S. = 9246.70 KB, Text.
Estimating the technology of cognitive and noncognitive skill formation / by Flavio Cunha, James J. Heckman and Susanne M. Schennach.
This paper formulates and estimates multistage production functions for children’s cognitive and noncognitive skills. Skills are determined by parental environments and investments at different stages of childhood. We estimate the elasticity of substitution between investments in one period and stocks of skills in that period to assess the benefits of early investment in children compared to later remediation. We establish nonparametric identification of a general class of production technologies based on nonlinear factor models with endogenous inputs. A by-product of our approach is a framework for evaluating childhood and schooling interventions that does not rely on arbitrarily scaled test scores as outputs and recognizes the differential effects of the same bundle of skills in different tasks. Using the estimated technology, we determine optimal targeting of interventions to children with different parental and personal birth endowments. Substitutability decreases in later stages of the life cycle in the production of cognitive skills. It increases slightly in later stages of the life cycle in the production of noncognitive skills. This finding has important implications for the design of policies that target the disadvantaged. For some configurations of disadvantage and for some outcomes, it is optimal to invest relatively more in the later stages of childhood than in earlier stages. — Cognitive skills ; noncognitive skills ; dynamic factor analysis ; endogeneity of inputs ; anchoring test scores ; parental influence
- Estimating the technology of cognitive and noncognitive skill formation / by Flavio Cunha, James J. Heckman and Susanne M. Schennach.
(2010) In: Econometrica. – Bd. 78.2010, 3, (Mai.2010) S. 883-931.
- Estimating the technology of cognitive and noncognitive skill formation / Flavio Cunha; James J. Heckman; Susanne M. Schennach.
(2010) Cemmap working paper / Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice ; 2010,09; Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 55 S.).
- Estimating the technology of cognitive and noncognitive skill formation / Flavio Cunha; James Heckman; Susanne Schennach.
(2010) Cambridge, Mass.; 42, [12] S.
- Estimating the technology of cognitive and noncognitive skill formation / Flavio Cunha; James Heckman; Susanne Schennach.
(2010) Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 4702; Online-Ressource (42 S.).
- Estimating the technology of cognitive and noncognitive skill formation / Flavio Cunha; James Heckman; Susanne Schennach.
(2010) Cambridge, Mass.; 42 S.
The effect of childhood conduct disorder on human capital / Pierre Koning; Dinand Webbink; Suncica Vuji´c; Nicholas G. Martin.
This paper estimates the longer-term effects of childhood conduct disorder on human capital accumulation and violent and criminal behaviour later in life using data of Australian twins. We measure conduct disorder with a rich set of indicators based on diagnostic criteria from psychiatry. Using ordinary least squares (OLS) and twin fixed effects (FE) estimation approaches, we find that early (pre-18) conduct disorder problems significantly affect both human capital accumulation and violent and criminal behaviour over the life course. In addition, we find that conduct disorder is more deleterious if these behaviours occur earlier in life. — Conduct disorder ; human capital ; twins
- The effect of childhood conduct disorder on human capital / Pierre Koning; Dinand Webbink; Suncica Vuji´c; Nicholas G. Martin.
(2010) Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 4940; Online-Ressource (33 S.).
The role of parental investments for cognitive and noncognitive skill formation : evidence for the first 11 years of life / Katja Coneus, Manfred Laucht and Karsten Reuß.
This paper examines the impact of parental investments on the development of cognitive, mental and emotional skills during childhood using data from a longitudinal study, the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, starting at birth. Our work offers three important innovations. First, we use reliable measures of the child’s cognitive, mental and emotional skills as well as accurate measures of parental investment. Second, we estimate latent factor models to account for unobserved characteristics of children. Third, we examine the skill development for girls and boys separately, as well as for children who were born with either organic or psychosocial risk. We find a decreasing impact of parental investments on cognitive and mental skills, while emotional skills seem to be unaffected by parental investment throughout childhood. Thus, initial inequality persists during childhood. Since families are the main sources of education during the first years of life, our results have important implications for the quality of the parent-child relationship. — cognitive skills ; noncognitive skills ; critical and sensitive periods ; self-productivity ; inequality ; organic risk ; psychosocial risk
- The role of parental investments for cognitive and noncognitive skill formation : evidence for the first 11 years of life / Katja Coneus, Manfred Laucht and Karsten Reuß.
(2010) Discussion paper / Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung ; 10-028 : Labour economics, human resources and social policy; 34 S.
- The role of parental investments for cognitive and noncognitive skill formation : evidence for the first 11 years of life / Katja Coneus, Manfred Laucht and Karsten Reuß.
(2010) Discussion paper / ZEW ; 10-028; Online-Ressource (34 S.).
Der Einfluss der Familie auf die Gesundheit und Bildungslaufbahn von Kindern / Susanne Seyda; Thomas Lampert.
- Der Einfluss der Familie auf die Gesundheit und Bildungslaufbahn von Kindern / Susanne Seyda; Thomas Lampert.
(2009) In: IW-Trends. – Köln. – Bd. 36.2009, 3, S. 105-120.
A model of intervention in childhood / James Symons; Leon Feinstein.
This paper describes a model and resulting simulations to assess the appropriate age structure of intervention in childhood on the theme: should we intervene early or late? We use asset theory approaches to construct a general model of state investment whose aim is to reduce inequality in human capital. We set out the key parameters of such a model, clarifying the assumptions that must be made by state planners or economists in assessing the relative value of targeted investment at different ages in the presence of a range of elements of uncertainty. We simulate the model showing how the age-investment schedule will vary under different assumptions. Early investment is highly valued because of the likely decline with age in effectiveness but the trade-offs are strongly moderated by other important assumptions around which there is uncertainty or are choice variables of the state planner.
- A model of intervention in childhood / James Symons; Leon Feinstein.
(2008) Working paper series / UCD Centre for Economic Research ; 08/09; Online-Ressource (24 S.).
Why governments should invest in early education : early childhood education and care (Forum) / W. Steve Barnett.
- Why governments should invest in early education : early childhood education and care (Forum) / W. Steve Barnett.
(2008) In: CESifo DICE report. – Bd. 6.2008, 2, S. 9-14.
The influence of childhood maltreatment on adolescents’ academic performance / Eric P. Slade, Lawrence W. Wissow.
- The influence of childhood maltreatment on adolescents’ academic performance / Eric P. Slade, Lawrence W. Wissow.
(2007) In: Economics of education review. – Amsterdam [u.a.]. – Bd. 26.2007, 5, (Okt.2007) S. 604-614.
The economics, technology and neuroscience of human capability formation / James J. Heckman.
This paper begins the synthesis of two currently unrelated literatures: the human capital approach to health economics and the economics of cognitive and noncognitive skill formation. A lifecycle investment framework is the foundation for understanding the origins of human inequality and for devising policies to reduce it
- The economics, technology and neuroscience of human capability formation / James J. Heckman.
(June 2007) Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 2875; Online-Ressource, 26 S., Text.
- The economics, technology and neuroscience of human capability formation / James J. Heckman.
(2007) NBER working paper series ; 13195; 26 S.
An agenda for children : investing in the future or promoting well-being in the present? / Ruth Lister.
- An agenda for children : investing in the future or promoting well-being in the present? / Ruth Lister.
(2006) In: Children, changing families and welfare states. – 2006, S. 51-66.
- Children, changing families and welfare states / ed. by Jane Lewis.
(2006) Cheltenham [u.a.]; XV, 308 S.
- A postcapitalist politics / J. K. Gibson-Graham.
(2006) Minneapolis, Minn. [u.a.]; XXXVII, 276 S.
Human capital accumulation, fertility and economic development / Akira Yakita.
- Human capital accumulation, fertility and economic development / Akira Yakita.
(2010) In: Journal of economics. – Wien [u.a.]. – Bd. 99.2010, 2, S. 97-116.
Assessing children’s capabilities : operationalizing metrics for evaluating music programs with poor children in Brazilian primary schools / Flavio Comim.
- Assessing children’s capabilities : operationalizing metrics for evaluating music programs with poor children in Brazilian primary schools / Flavio Comim.
(2009) In: Against injustice. – Cambridge [u.a.]. – 2009, S. 253-274.
Cognitive skills among children in Senegal: disentangling the roles of schooling and family background / Peter Glick; David E. Sahn.
- Cognitive skills among children in Senegal: disentangling the roles of schooling and family background / Peter Glick; David E. Sahn.
(2009) In: Economics of education review. – Bd. 28.2009, 2, (Apr.2009) S. 178-188.
- Cognitive skills among children in Senegal : disentangling the roles of schooling and family background / Peter Glick; David E. Sahn.
(Oct. 2005) Working paper / Cornell Food and Nutrition Policy Program ; 189; Online-Ressource, 24, [8] S., Text.
In Kinder investieren? : zur Reform der frühkindlichen Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung in Deutschland / Maksim Hübenthal; Thomas Olk.
- In Kinder investieren? : zur Reform der frühkindlichen Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung in Deutschland / Maksim Hübenthal; Thomas Olk.
(2009) In: Berliner Debatte Initial. – Berlin. – Bd. 20.2009, 3, S. 16-29.
Achillesferse “frühkindliche Bildung” / C. Katharina Spieß.
- Achillesferse “frühkindliche Bildung” / C. Katharina Spieß.
(2009) In:  . – Bd. 89.2009, 6, (Jun.2009) S. 376-379.
Frühkindliche Bildung und Betreuung : Reformen aus ökonomischer, pädagogischer und psychologischer Perspektive / Thomas Apolte; Antje Funcke (Hrsg.).
- (2008) 1. Aufl. – Europäische Schriften zu Staat und Wirtschaft ; 23. – Baden-Baden; 296 S.
- Föderale Kompetenzzuordnung im Bereich der frühkindlichen Betreuung und Bildung : Status quo der Zuständigkeitsverteilung und Reformbedarf in Deutschland / Thomas Döring.
(2008) In: Frühkindliche Bildung und Betreuung. – 2008, S. 251-291.
Qualitätssicherung und Qualitätssetzung im System frühkindlicher Bildung und Betreuung aus ökonomischer Sicht / Thomas Apolte und Antje Funcke.
- Qualitätssicherung und Qualitätssetzung im System frühkindlicher Bildung und Betreuung aus ökonomischer Sicht / Thomas Apolte und Antje Funcke.
(2008) In: Frühkindliche Bildung und Betreuung. – 2008, S. 215-249.
Ungleichheit und die differentiellen Erträge von frühkindlichen Bildungsinvestitionen im Lebenszyklus / Friedhelm Pfeiffer und Karsten Reuß.
- Ungleichheit und die differentiellen Erträge von frühkindlichen Bildungsinvestitionen im Lebenszyklus / Friedhelm Pfeiffer und Karsten Reuß.
(2008) In: Frühkindliche Bildung und Betreuung. – 2008, S. 25-43.
Die Finanzierung frühkindlicher Bildung und Betreuung : staatlich versus privat? / Gisela Färber.
- Die Finanzierung frühkindlicher Bildung und Betreuung : staatlich versus privat? / Gisela Färber.
(2008) In: Frühkindliche Bildung und Betreuung. – 2008, S. 195-214.
- Early childhood education and care : how much government involvement? / Michael Krashinsky.
(2008) In: Frühkindliche Bildung und Betreuung. – 2008, S. 179-194.
- Der Einfluss des Systems frühkindlicher Bildung und Betreuung auf die Fertilität / Susanne Seyda.
(2008) In: Frühkindliche Bildung und Betreuung. – 2008, S. 63-79.
- Career interruption of women, and child care systems : an international comparison / Astrid Kunze.
(2008) In: Frühkindliche Bildung und Betreuung. – 2008, S. 45-62.
Ungleichheit und die differentiellen Erträge frühkindlicher Bildungsinvestitionen im Lebenszyklus / Friedhelm Pfeiffer und Karsten Reuß.
Um Hinweise für die Erträge von Investitionen in die Fähigkeiten von Kindern im Vorschulalter geben zu können, möchten wir in diesem Beitrag die Ergebnisse von Simulationen zur Diskussion stellen. Der Humankapitalerwerb wird als Funktion von kognitiven und nichtkognitiven Fähigkeiten modelliert, wobei die frühe Ungleichheit und die daraus resultierende Heterogenität der Erträge zusätzlicher Bildungsinvestitionen im Vordergrund stehen. Aufgrund des Fähigkeitenmultiplikators der frühen Kindheit übersteigen die zu erwartenden Erträge von Investitionen, die im richtigen Umfang und zur rechten Zeit getätigt werden, im Lebenszyklus die Kosten um ein Vielfaches. Die Abschätzungen deuten darauf hin, dass die ertragreichste Politik zur Steigerung des Humankapitals und zur Reduktion von Ungleichheit eine effiziente Familienpolitik ist.
- Ungleichheit und die differentiellen Erträge frühkindlicher Bildungsinvestitionen im Lebenszyklus / Friedhelm Pfeiffer und Karsten Reuß.
(2008) Discussion paper / Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung ; 08-001 : Labour economics, human resources and social policy (LE); 20 S.
- Ungleichheit und die differentiellen Erträge frühkindlicher Bildungsinvestitionen im Lebenszyklus / Friedhelm Pfeiffer und Karsten Reuß.
(2008) Discussion paper / ZEW ; 08-001; Online-Ressource, 20 S., Text.
Improving educational outcomes for poor children / Brian A. Jacob and Jens Ludwig.
- Improving educational outcomes for poor children / Brian A. Jacob and Jens Ludwig.
(2009) In: Changing poverty, changing policies. – 2009, S. 266-300.
- Changing poverty, changing policies / Russell Sage Foundation. Maria Cancian and Sheldon Danziger, eds..
(c 2009) New York, NY; X, 422 S.
- Improving educational outcomes for poor children / Brian Jacob; Jens Ludwig.
(2008) Cambridge, Mass.; 50 S.
Early education and children’s outcomes : how long do the impacts last? / Alissa Goodman and Barbara Sianesi.
- Early education and children’s outcomes : how long do the impacts last? / Alissa Goodman and Barbara Sianesi.
(2005) In: Fiscal studies. – Oxford. – Bd. 26.2005, 4, S. 513-548.
The economics and psychology of inequality and human development / Flavio Cunha; James J. Heckman.
Recent research on the economics of human development deepens understanding of the origins of inequality and excellence. It draws on and contributes to personality psychology and the psychology of human development. Inequalities in family environments and investments in children are substantial. They causally affect the development of capabilities. Both cognitive and noncognitive capabilities determine success in life but to varying degrees for different outcomes. An empirically determined technology of capability formation reveals that capabilities are self-productive and cross-fertilizing and can be enhanced by investment. Investments in capabilities are relatively more productive at some stages of a child’s life cycle than others. Optimal child investment strategies differ depending on target outcomes of interest and on the nature of adversity in a child’s early years. For some configurations of early disadvantage and for some desired outcomes, it is efficient to invest relatively more in the later years of childhood than in the early years.
- The economics and psychology of inequality and human development / Flavio Cunha; James J. Heckman.
(2009) Working paper series / UCD Centre for Economic Research ; 09/34; Online-Ressource (63 S.).
- The economics & psychology of inequality and human development / Flavio Cunha; James J. Heckman.
(2009) Working paper series / UCD Centre for Economic Research ; 09/05; Online-Ressource (49 S.).
- The economics and psychology of inequality and human development / Flavio Cunha; James J. Heckman.
(2009) In: Journal of the European Economic Association. – Bd. 7.2009, 2/3, (4/5.2009) S. 320-364.
- The economics and psychology of inequality and human development / Flavio Cunha; James J. Heckman.
(2009) IZA discussion papers ; 4001; Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 64 S.).
Early childhood intervention and life-cycle skill development : evidence from head start / by David Deming.
- Early childhood intervention and life-cycle skill development : evidence from head start / by David Deming.
(2009) In: American economic journal. – Nashville, Tenn.. – Bd. 1.2009, 3, (Jul.2009) S. 111-134.
Interpreting the evidence on life cycle skill formation / Flavio Cunha, James J. Heckman, Lance Lochner, Dimitriy V. Masterov.
This paper presents economic models of child development that capture the essence of recent findings from the empirical literature on skill formation. The goal of this essay is to provide a theoretical framework for interpreting the evidence from a vast empirical literature, for guiding the next generation of empirical studies, and for formulating policy. Central to our analysis is the concept that childhood has more than one stage. We formalize the concepts of self-productivity and complementarity of human capital investments and use them to explain the evidence on skill formation. Together, they explain why skill begets skill through a multiplier process. Skill formation is a life cycle process. It starts in the womb and goes on throughout life. Families play a role in this process that is far more important than the role of schools. There are multiple skills and multiple abilities that are important for adult success. Abilities are both inherited and created, and the traditional debate about nature versus nurture is scientifically obsolete. Human capital investment exhibits both self-productivity and complementarity. Skill attainment at one stage of the life cycle raises skill attainment at later stages of the life cycle (self-productivity). Early investment facilitates the productivity of later investment (complementarity). Early investments are not productive if they are not followed up by later investments (another aspect of complementarity). This complementarity explains why there is no equity-efficiency trade-off for early investment. The returns to investing early in the life cycle are high. Remediation of inadequate early investments is difficult and very costly as a consequence of both self-productivity and complementarity. — skill formation ; education ; government policy ; educational finance
- Interpreting the evidence on life cycle skill formation / Flavio Cunha, James J. Heckman, Lance Lochner, Dimitriy V. Masterov.
(2006) In: Handbook of the economics of education. – 2006, S. 697-812.
- Interpreting the evidence on life cycle skill formation / by Flavio Cunha; James J. Heckman; Lance Lochner and Dimitriy V. Masterov.
(28 Apr. 2005) Discussion paper series / UCL Economics ; 2005,02; Online-Ressource, 109, [52] S., Text.
- Interpreting the evidence on life cycle skill formation / Flavio Cunha; James J. Heckman; Lance Lochner; Dimitriy V. Masterov.
(July 2005) Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 1675; Online-Ressource, 109, [53] p., text.
- Interpreting the evidence on life cycle skill formation / Flavio Cunha ; James J. Heckman; Lance Lochner; Dimitriy V. Masterov.
(2005) NBER working paper series ; 11331; 109, [53] S.
Wesentliches Schlagwort: Bildungsertrag
Wesentliches Schlagwort: Bildungsinvestition
Wesentliches Schlagwort: Eltern
Wesentliches Schlagwort: Kinder
Wesentliches Schlagwort: Kinderbetreuung
Wesentliches Schlagwort: Schätzung
Wesentliches Schlagwort: Theorie
Regionale Aspekte: Deutschland – Kinderbetreuung
Regionale Aspekte: USA – Bildungsinvestition
Regionale Aspekte: USA – Kinder
Wesentliche Person: Katja Coneus
Wesentliche Person: Flavio Cunha
Wesentliche Person: Janet Currie
Wesentliche Person: James J. Heckman
Wesentliche Person: Friedhelm Pfeiffer
Wesentliche Person: Karsten Reuß
Wesentliche Reihe: NBER working paper series
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